The 5 Year Look Back Period

I have discussed the fact that nursing home costs are very high and can deplete a person's resources.  Further, assets can not be transferred in order to qualify for medicaid which covers the cost of medicaid. 

The look back period applies to gifts made.  It also applies to assets placed in a Trust.  This would include trusts which have been set up for those with special needs if the trust was only addressing protecting public benefits of the special needs child. 

There are trust that serve as a protected Trust for Medicaid purposes.  If it were determined that a parent of a special needs child would have to be in a nursing home then monies can be placed in a Trust which is for the "sole benefit" of a disabled child. The Trust would name special needs child's estate, not other individuals, as remainder beneficiary in order to meet the "sole benefit" requirement.

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Divorce and the Special Needs Child

A divorce is multifaceted. Therefore, if you are able to move towards a collaborative divorce, it could provide the best alternative to look at all aspects of your life and divorce. Specifically, in addition to divorce attorneys, financial advisors, mental health professionals, you want to make sure an estate planning attorney is involved.

A Special Needs Child will still require the emotional and financial support of both parents, even more so after the divorce. You can handle the emotional side with the help of mental health professionals. A Special Needs Trust could serve to address handling financial needs. You do not want the divorce to affect any public benefits currently available to your child. A neutral party could serve as the trustee and make sure those supplemental needs that you might want for your child are addressed.

We can help you. Contact us a www.ythlaw.com for your estate planning, probate and elder law needs.

Special Needs Trusts

As I sit at my computer composing this post, we are in yet another winter snow storm. The snow whirls in tornado circles creating high drifts in the yard and on the roadway. Even the wildlife that I may generally see has bunkered down for this event.

I reflect now on the radio interview that I did yesterday. I received a call after the show about Special Needs Trusts. These are trusts set up for the benefit of those with special needs who receive or may receive medical assistance or other government benefits. When the money of the person with special needs is used there is an age restriction for medical assistance benefits.

For medical assistance eligibility, the Special Needs Trust must be irrevocable and for the sole benefit of one with special needs under the age of 65. If the special needs individual is over 65, then their own money CAN NOT be placed in a trust to enable eligibility for medical assistance. This is to avoid those who may be going into a nursing home to take all of their money and have it placed in a trust so that they can qualify for public assistance, medicaid.

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5. Addresses special circumstances - continues with Special Needs Trust

In my last post, I discussed 26 year old Julian who sustained permanent mental and physical disabilities as a result of complications at birth. How does one continue to take care of Julian when his parents are no longer living.

A special needs trust, sometimes referred to as a supplemental needs trust, is critical to protecting Julian’s health and well-being. The purpose of the special needs trust is to assure continuity of care and non-disruption of government supported programs and benefits, both of which are of primary concern for Linwood and Jordan, Julian's parents.

As pertains to preservation of government benefits, if Julian directly owned the assets, he would not qualify for Supplemental Security Income Benefits referred to as SSI. In addition to providing him with a monthly stipend, SSI eligibility qualifies Julian for other governmental programs. Because Julian has no control over (does not own) the money or assets in a special needs trust, the contents of the trust are not considered when calculating Julian's total assets. The special needs trust thus ensures that Julian will remain eligible for governmental benefits and programs regardless of the actual value of his total assets.

Do you have any questions on Special Needs Trusts? Leave your comments here or contact us at www.ythlaw.com

5. Addresses Special Circumstances - continues

Yesterday, we discussed Linwood's and Jordan's special circumstances. Today, we focus on Linwood's and Jordan's son, Julian.

As a result of complications during his birth, Julian sustained permanent mental and physical limitations. Though Julian has been blind (one particular result) since birth, there is much that he can see. Through his imagination and the support of Mainstream For Life, a state funded program, Julian has created a world that works perfectly for him. At 26, he still maintains a childlike wonderment and trust for everyone he encounters in his life. Fortunately, his home and work environment support the person that Julian has become.

Linwood and Jordan (Julian’s adoptive parents) realize that they both have contributed to the stable and productive life that Julian enjoys. They also realize the importance of the routine, familiarity, and normalcy provided by the state funded programs. They often worry about not being around to keep Julian safe. However, they also realize that they will not always be there to watch over him. Their focus has turned to how to sustain what has been developed for Julian when they both die.

A part of that answer is the special needs trust which will be discussed tomorrow. Leave your comments here or contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Rethinking Your Estate Plan - Question 2

This is a continuation from the previous day. An article in Money Magazine could prove very beneficial to you and so I share the 5 questions posed in the article with you over the next few days.

2. SHOULD DISTRIBUTIONS TO CHILDREN BE EQUAL OR FAIR?
"How should you split your money among your offspring? In a 2007 Money survey, 69% of respondents said dividing their estate equally was very important to them. Experts agree that equal is generally better, even if one of your kids is a struggling actor and another is a successful software developer. You don't know what the future holds. Your single son marries and has five kids; your techie daughter loses her job and becomes a teacher. Unless you're willing to constantly tinker with your will - and explain every change to your kids - parceling out different amounts can back-fire bigtime.

A better solution: Bequeath your children an equal amount upon your death, but make gifts as needed to them while you are alive if you can afford it. Want to help your daughter with your grandchildren's education? Contribute to their 529 college savings plans. (The IRS allows you to make the equivalent of five years' worth of gifts to a 529 all at once - that's $65,000 a child, or $130,000 if given by a couple.) The struggling actor is trying to buy a home? Help him with the down payment.

There are exceptions to the "equal" rule, however. A disabled child who is dependent on you will probably require a bigger share of your assets, which you can provide through a so-called special-needs trust. A child who works in the family business may deserve a larger share of it than one who doesn't. No matter what you decide, explain your thinking so that your kids won't have wrenching and potentially costly disputes later."

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How should I plan for my special needs son?

Question:
How should I plan for my 22 year old son who has been disabled since birth?

Answer:
A “special needs trust” may be the best alternative.
The special needs trust is intended to supplement, rather than supplant, public assistance benefits that the disabled child may be entitled to receive under various programs such as Supplemental Security Income (“SSI”) and Medical Assistance. The purpose of the special needs trust, therefore, is to make sure that monies available to a disabled child does not result in the loss of public benefits if that is an important issue for you and your son. A special needs trust may be set up by a third party such as a parent, grandparent or guardian or it may be set up with the funds of the disabled child. The latter situation generally involves a personal injury settlement where the accident was the cause of the disability and a settlement is made for the benefit of the child.

Critical Note:
Even though most trustees named under a special needs trust are corporate trustees, such as a financial institutions, if the trust is a modest size, typically less than $75,000 or only holds a home, a non-corporate trustee can be named. This includes a family member who may then seek the advice of a financial planner if they do not currently have that expertise.

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