Intestate - Die without a Will

It is so important that you make a Will.  But, the question often arises what happens if you die without a Will?  If there is no Will at death, the intestate laws of the state apply. 

A question was posed regarding the death of a spouse leaving a wife and 5 children without benefit of a Will.  For real estate, if the property was owned jointly with the wife, the property will go by joint ownership to the wife.  The other assets would go as follows:  The first 30,000 would go to the spouse and the remaining would be split 50% to the wife and 50% equally distributed to the 5 children.  Note, this would include any real estate that was owned in the husband's name alone.  If any child is under the age of 18 their share will be held for them and given out right to them at the age of 18 years of age.

Would this be the result you would like to see for your estate?  Many would say no!  Save your estate by making a Will today.  Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Jamaicans Interested in Estate Planning Book

At my presentations at the American Embassy and the Jamaica Fulbright Association, my most recet book Stop!  What Are You Waiting For?  Your Step By Step Guide To Estate Planning was available to the attendees.  In Jamaica as in the states, estate planning is important for asset protection, asset distribution and legacy creation. 

Making the book available nationally and internationally to encourage estate planning everywhere is one of the primary goals of my legal practice.  Plan now for a prosperous future by getting your Will done today.

Jamaica - Local News

Whenever I speak in a foreign country, I read their local papers for current events.  You want to understand what is happening in a country during your visit.  It helps with the relevancy of my presentation to put it into a local context. 

In this morning's paper, The Gleaner, there was a probate question posed by one of the readers.  The response was provided by a local attorney.  It was strikingly similar to inquiries I have addressed.  What happens when the original will can not be found?  What happens if the executor named in the will is deceased?  What happens if the executor named in the will does not want to serve?  These and a host of other questions will be addressed in my upcoming presenation. 

By the way, if you were wondering, (1) if the original will can not be found, there are ways to qualify a copy; (2) you need a death certificate to show an executor named is deceased; and (3) if an executor does not want to serve, they have to file a renounciation form.  Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/ for your other estate planning needs and questions.

It Takes A Village

We often say that it takes a village to raise a child.  This African proverb, popularized in recent times by Hilliary Clinton's book of the same name, is very true.  There are many people who have no children of their own but have taken on siginificant roles in the lives of children.  That person could be a caring neighbor who is there for before and after school help and more; a special Aunt whose home is always available to a neice or nephew; a teacher who steps out beyond the classroom; or, a recent widow with time to give. 

Estate planning is an important part of the lives of people who nurture, give, and love in the way of the village.  Their stories, wishes and desires form an important part of my practice.  If you want to make sure those you have nurtured and loved during your lifetime recieve a share of your assets, then a Will is an important document for you to have. 

Contact our offices at  www.ythlaw.com for your probate, estate planning and elder law needs.

Plannning for Life's Unexpected Challenges

Until the Lion King, I never heard of or knew what a Warthog was.  Though a bit romanticized in the Lion King, the Warthog is not one of the loveliest creatures in the wild.  It is like a pig, hog or boar but least attractive.  It can move rather quickly when approached, not that you want to get near.

Not everything in life is attractive, lovely or even romantic.  The unexpected situation could cause difficulty in your life.  But there are ways to make those difficult situations less challenging for those you love.  Advance planniing!!!  This would include getting a healthcare power of attorney, general power of attorney, living will and a will. 

Don't wait until itis too latte.  Plan now by contacting us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

How does property pass upon death?

There are always questions about the best way to distribute property to your heirs or charitable interest. I remind my clients that property passes four (4) ways upon a person's death. It is passed on by Will (or intestate if there is no Will), Joint Ownership, Beneficiary Designation and Trust (assets have to have been placed into - or retitled into - the name of the Trust).

It is important to determine which way might best serve your needs. An estate planning professional can help with that decision. Contact us at www.ythlaw.com to help with all your estate planning, probate and elder law decisions.

Divorce and Death - What you need to know.

You probably do not even think about all the details of a divorce until you are in the middle of one. That may not be the most appropriate time for you to make rational decisions affecting the rest of your life. But, be that as it may.


What you need to remember, whether you are getting a divorce or not, is that upon death money is distributed 4 ways: by Will, Trust, Joint Ownership or Beneficiary Designation. You need to make whatever changes are necessitated by the divorce in all 4 of these areas.


Contact us at www.ythlaw.com for all your estate planning, probate and elder law needs.

Divorce American Style

I received a newsletter from Marianna Goldenberg, a financial advisor who specializes in working with women experiencing a divorce. There are unique financial and estate planning matters that must be addressed during such a transition.

Here is a particular scenerio she presented with some slight modifications. Amy and Ted have been married for 12 years. They have no children and are each currently in the 25% federal tax bracket. They are trying to decide how to equally divide their remaining three assets. Those assets are a shore house in New Jersey worth $300,000, an IRA worth $200,000, and a savings account worth $250,000. The $250,000 in the savings account represents a loan taken against their shore house.

Ted has proposed that Amy take the shore house and sell it netting $50,000 after repayment of the outstanding loan. He suggests she should also keep the IRA worth $200,000. He would keep the savings account and they would both end up with $250,000.

Amy thinks this sounded fair since each would be getting half of the $500,000 total asset value. However the one question that she overlooked asking was “what is the cost basis?”

If this question had been asked of Ted it would have revealed that he only paid $110,000 for the shore house 8 years earlier. This asset has a capital gain of $190,000 which creates a capital gain of $28,500 (15% capital gain) plus $5,700 state tax due (3% state tax rate). Amy received $50,000 from the beach house but had to pay out $34,200 in taxes, so she only had $15,800 remaining.

Her after-tax value of the IRA is approximately $150,000 (25% tax bracket, not counting the 10% early withdrawal penalty since she is not planning to liquidate the account prior to age 59 ½).

The after-tax results show Amy ending up with only $165,800 while Ted keeps $250,000 tax-free and clear. This would hardly be considered an equal split.

To avoid potentially nasty surprises it is best to thoroughly investigate the basis in all assets prior to agreeing to accept transfer in order to have a clear picture of the financial outcome. Once the marital settlement has been signed and the divorce is final there is little to no opportunity to renegotiate an unfavorable deal.

AND do not forget those other documents that need to be updated after a divorce including your Will, Power of Attorney and Living Will. Contact us at

A Royal Legacy

The royal Wedding is very symbolic. It represents tradition with a touch of modern flare that must be timeless. As William and Kate begin their royal life together as husband and wife, they will be creating a legacy that will be documented in many ways for generations well beyond their lifetime.

With royalty, many things are already addressed for them as pertains to inheritance, incapacity and other life and death planning.

You can take responsibility of your lifetime planning. We are here to provide the advice and guidance that you will need. Contact us at www.ythlaw.com for your Wills, Powers of Attorney, Living Wills and other probate and elder law needs.

Selling The Family Home, Oh My!!

We have a combination of rain and snow this morning, the first day of April. April showers bring May flowers. What does April snow bring? Well, let's wait and see. There are some things we have no control over. There are many that we do but we fail to act on them. I am in the middle of an estate matter with lots of family disharmony. We have a home that clearly needs to be sold but there was no Will providing those instructions. Since the 5 beneficiaries can not agree on selling the home, the court appointed Administrator will have to Petition the court to sell the property. More money coming out of the estate to pay the expense of filing the petition. In addition, since there was no Will and the beneficiaries did not agree on which one of them should be the Administrator, the court interceded and appointed its own Administrator, more money coming out of the estate. AND the only money that the estate has will be what comes from the sale of the house. SO, it appears that not only will the home no longer be in the family. The beneficiaries will get much less than they anticipated. We do have control in managing some things but only if we act while we can. Got a Will, if not contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/ for estate planning, probate and elder laws matters.

Your "4" Essential Documents for Estate Planning

Most people do not know where to start when it comes to getting their affairs in order. That is what estate planning is, Getting Your Affairs In Order. The essential documents are (1) WILL; (2) LIVING WILL; (3) HEALTHCARE POWER OF ATTORNEY; and, (4) GENERAL POWER OF ATTORNEY. Each persons situation is different so you want these documents tailored to your specific circumstances. An estate planning attorney (one who specializes in this area) should be consulted. I, like many other professionals, will provide you with a free consultation so you know what to expect. You can also get my book Stop! What are you Waiting for? Your Step by Step Guide to Estate Planning. $24.99 but only $10 when you call my office for a free consultation. Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

When Probate Matters

This morning I received a call from a son who just loss his mother to cancer. I expressed my condolences and we proceeded to discuss the reason for his call. His mother, who was very meticulous and maintained very good records of her finances, died without a Will. As you can imagine the drama unfolds from this point.

There are 3 children and they have at least agreed that the son who made the call to me could serve as the Administrator of the Estate. If that had not been agreed upon, the administration of the estate could be significantly delayed. Of course there are other issues that could have been avoided with a Will.

(1) The mother wanted her eldest son to have her extensive art collection - NOT - (they do not agree)
(2) The homestead still has a mortgage on it and one daughter wants to stay in the home - NOT - (they do not agree)
(3) The mother wanted everything to be equally distributed upon her death - NOT - (she only had one of her children on her insurance policy and on her bank account)

AND THE LIST goes on. Plan now and let us help you by contacting us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Powers of Attorney and Wills for the "What ifs" and "When"

I am on the way to a Nursing Home. The reason for this visit happens all to often but could be avoided with planning. Why do we wait? What do we procrastinate?

Today, when I meet with this client and their family (generally a son or daughter), I have to first determine whether the client still has the capacity to execute specific documents like a will or power of attorney. If that huddle can not be met, then the son or daughter will have to initiate guardianship procedures to address financial matters and certain healthcare matters. The window for creating a will is now closed if the client no longers has capacity.

Unfortunately for many, when we are healthy and able bodied, we do not focus on the "what ifs" (I become incapacitated, etc.) or the "when" (death happens). However, this is the time to take care of our "business". It will save you time and money in the long run. Though I do make more when you procrastinate, that is not why I do what I do. I want families to have their documents in place for the "what ifs" and the "when". If you do, then you do not have to be addressing legal matters when your focus should be on the emotional aspects of the "what ifs" and the "when".

Contact us today at http://www.ythlaw.com/ for all your probate and estate planning needs.

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Twenty-One

Does someone who is not related to you live with you? Is there someone living with you whose name is not on the deed to the house? What happens to that person if you die before he or she does? This is when you want to consider whether you need to preserve a life estate for that person.

What is a life estate? A life estate permits a person who is not on the deed to continue to live in the house for his or her lifetime. Upon his or her death, the house could go to whomever you choose. You want to make sure your Will has a provision similar to the following:

I devise and bequeath my house at ________ together with all household goods and furnishings therein, and all policies of insurance on said real and personal property, to my ________ for life so long as she/he desires to use such premises as a home and pays all costs of maintenance thereof, including taxes, assessments, insurance and ordinary repairs, said property to be insured in a reasonable amount insuring the interest of the remaindermen as well as herself/himself.
Upon the death of _________ or at such prior time as she/he no longer uses said premises as a home for herself/himself, I direct my Executor to sell said real and personal property and distribute the net proceeds thereof to _________.

Let us help you with all of your estate planning needs. Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Twenty

Do not fail to plan for "non-probate" assets. Most people do not understand what is a probate asset or what is a non-probate asset. Probate assets are those assets that pass under a person's Will because the asset is only in the name of that person.

Non-probate assets are those assets that pass outside of a person's Will because the distribution is NOT govern by the Will but is governed by another document. As a result of someone's death, money can be distributed from a life insurance policy, from a jointly held bank account or from assets held under a Trust.

Everyone should review their beneficiary designation forms under a life insurance policy or a retirement account to make sure you have "appropriately" named someone. For example, if you name your children and something happens to a child do you want your grandchildren to get that child's share? Your beneficiary designation form should be reviewed to make sure your intent is clear.

Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/ for expert estate planning advice.

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Seventeen

There are a number of triggering events that should have you making a Will or updating a current Will. One such event is marriage. Do not fail to amend your Will after you get married.

If you marry after making a Will (with no mention of a current or future spouse) and do not change it before you die, then your surviving spouse will receive the share of the estate to which a spouse would be entitled if you died without making a Will. This may or may not meet with your intent. It is always better to make your own plan then having the State's plan imposed upon you.

Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/for expert estate planning advice.

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Sixteen

Do not forget to make sure your documents address Divorce. Pennsylvania law provides that if you are divorces after making a Will any provision in the Will favoring or relating to the former spouse becomes ineffective for all puposes unless it appears from the wording in the Will that the provision was intended to survive the divorce. Just to be sure, it is even better to be proactive and change your Will when you get a divorce.

Furthermore, if you have any irrevocable documents, the law does not change those provisions upon divorce. Therefore, it is imperative that your irrevocable documents address divorce in the document when the document is drafted.

Make sure you have expert estate planning advice. Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Fifteen

What about Fido? Do not forget about your dogs, cats, horses or other family pets. You want to make provisions for your pets in your Will or you can even have a Pet Trust established for the benefit of your furry friends.

A Trust might cover (1) designation of the caretaker (2) the fee to be paid a caretaker (3) name the trustee (4) standard of care for the pet and (5) the amount to be left in Trust for the pet.

You want your estate plan/Will to be comprehensive. Therefore, make sure you contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Fourteen

Many people do provide burial instructions in their Will. It is also important to communicate funeral instructions to family members to make sure your wishes are followed. If the instructions only appear in the Will and the Will is not immediately assessible, no one will know your preference if you did not communicate the instructions to anyone. Do not let this mistake happen to you.

The following burial instructions can be provided in the Will: Burial plot number; Cremation, if desired; location of services; how funeral expenses are to be covered; program; guest preference; and, the list goes on.

Contact us for expert legal assistance at http://www.ythlaw.com/

Estate Planning Mistakes - Number Eleven

If the Will is not properly executed, it will be invalid. In Pennsylvania, the Will is valid if in writing and signed at the end. Witnesses are NOT required unless the signature is an X. These are the minimal legal requirements. But, you want to go further.

The drafter of your Will, ie. your attorney, should be present at the execution to make sure all goes well. It is also very wise to have witnesses (2) and a notary. With all of these formalities, your Will can with stand challenges applicable to improper execution.

Contact us at http://www.ythlaw.com/ for expert Probate, Estate Planning, Elder Law and Business Succession Planning advice.